Blockchain
EIP-712: Signing Human-Readable Typed Structured Data on Ethereum
EIP-712 is an Ethereum standard for hashing and signing typed, structured data instead of an opaque hash, so wallets can show users the exact fields they are authorizing. It defines a domain separator that binds a signature to a specific application, version, chain, and contract, preventing replay across apps and networks. It underpins gasless token approvals (ERC-2612 Permit), off-chain order signing, and meta-transactions, and is the basis for the readable signing prompts shown by modern wallets like MetaMask.
Dune Analytics: SQL-Based Onchain Blockchain Analytics Platform
Dune Analytics (dune.com) is the dominant SQL-based platform for querying blockchain data, providing pre-decoded human-readable tables across 100+ chains so users can write SELECT statements instead of running nodes. Founded 2018 in Oslo, it reached unicorn status after a $69.42M Series B in February 2022.
Dune Spellbook: Open-Source Community Decoded Tables for Blockchains
Spellbook is Dune Analytics' open-source repository of 'spells' — community-maintained SQL transformations that turn raw blockchain data into clean, human-readable tables for specific protocols. It is the substrate that makes Dune's SQL-on-blockchains abstraction usable.
Crypto Analytics Platform Landscape: Dune, Flipside, Nansen, Arkham
The crypto analytics platform market segments by access model and primary use case: Dune leads breadth-of-chain SQL access, Flipside competes on free-tier plus query bounties, Nansen owns premium wallet labeling, and Arkham focuses on entity detection and forensics.
DuneSQL: The 2023 Migration from Postgres to Trino/Iceberg
In 2023 Dune Analytics replaced its Postgres-backed query engine with DuneSQL, a Trino fork running on Apache Iceberg tables. The migration was technically necessary for multi-chain scale but caused widespread query breakage and community frustration before stabilizing in 2024.